【Editorial note】In 2023, State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council optimized the central enterprise operation indicator system to "one profit and five ratios", which includes total profit, asset liability ratio, operating cash ratio, return on net assets, R&D investment intensity, and overall labor productivity. Hargent Research Institute and China Construction Enterprise Management Association compiled and published the "Research Report on Finance and Taxation of Listed Companies in the Chinese Construction Industry", which analyzes the trend and characteristics of the "one profit and five ratios" of listed construction enterprises in the past four years from the perspectives of overall situation, key detailed industries, and leading enterprises (top 20 enterprises in terms of operating income). This article is an analysis of return on net assets.